This study explores a human-in-the-loop simulation approach to facilitate the identification and mitigation of task-specific and human factor related safety risks in crane lift planning. However, due to the lack of appropriate tools, it remains a challenging task for the lift team to recognise potential spatial constraints and safety risks associated with lift tasks on the dynamic and complex construction site. Compared to loads present in typical on-site construction, prefabricated modules being lifted are likely more substantial in size, heavier in weight, and more expensive, and therefore more stringent requirements on lift safety and precision are expected. The successful delivery of modular projects heavily relies on safe and efficient on-site assembly of prefabricated modules, and this job is primarily executed by tower or mobile cranes. Modular construction has gained increasing popularity, to various extents, in both building and infrastructure projects with the merits of accelerated schedules, improved quality, and reduced cost and waste.
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